Structured cabling is a telecommunications infrastructure that allows different devices to be connected to transport signals from transmitters to receivers in local networks. It consists of cables, connectors, conduits, and devices that form the internal telecommunications infrastructure of a building or enclosure. This system is based on standards that allow for simple installation and flexible network expansion.

Structured cabling includes several main components, such as horizontal cabling and vertical cabling. Horizontal cabling extends from the work area to the telecommunications room and consists of horizontal pathways and spaces that distribute and support the horizontal cabling. On the other hand, vertical cabling, also known as backbone, provides interconnections between entrance facilities, building services, equipment rooms, and telecommunications rooms.

In addition to horizontal and vertical cabling, the telecommunications room is a dedicated space to house the elements that make up the telecommunications infrastructure, such as cables, connection accessories, and protection devices. This space must meet specific characteristics to ensure its proper functioning.

 Structured cabling is fundamental for the development of smart buildings and data centers, as it allows the convergence of multiple networks and systems, such as voice, data, video, security, building automation, and others. Furthermore, it is a solution that facilitates the interconnection of interconnected electronic devices, allowing a variety of communication needs to be met.

This type of cabling is commonly used in local area networks (LANs) and may include shielded twisted pair (STP) or unshielded twisted pair (UTP) cables, as well as fiber optics or coaxial cables. The TIA/EIA-568-B standard defines horizontal cabling and establishes requirements for its installation, such as maximum distances and minimum bend radii.

In summary, structured cabling is a standardized telecommunications infrastructure that enables efficient and flexible connection of devices in local networks, facilitating the evolution and expansion of data networks.